@article {377, title = {Performances and Activities of Virtual Pediatrics Medication Counselling Clinic in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {189-194}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {189}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the activities and performances of a virtual pediatrics medication counseling clinic in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: it was a retrospective analysis of activities and performances of a virtual pediatric medicine counseling clinic operated by the pharmacist at a public pediatric and maternity hospital. The pharmacist documented all the activities, including demographic information of patients visiting the clinic, the reason for the counseling, medication requirements to be counseled, and patient counseling items based on international guidelines. The data analysis was done through SPSS version 20 and Microsoft Excel version 2021; descriptive analysis and logistic regression of factors associated with the reason for counseling. Results: The total number of patients who visited the virtual pediatric medicine clinic through 20 months was 1955, with (97.75) per month. The majority of patients were female in the year 2021, 204 (63.55\%) vs. female 900 (61.19\%) in 2021, compared to male 117 (36.46\%) vs. males in year 2022 628 (38.81\%) with non-significant differences (p=0.149). The majority of patients were diagnosed as Diabetic Miletus in both years, 145 (45.17\%) vs 884 (54.47\%), with statistical significance differences between two 2021 and 2022 (p=0.000). The majority of patients counseled due to high alert medication was 230 (71.65\%) in 2021 vs. 1198 (73.32\%) in 2022, with non-statistically significant difference between them (p=0.539), and chronic diseases such as diabetes and asthma 224 (69.78\%) vs. 901 (55.14\%) in the year 2021 and 2022 respectively with statistical significance differences between both years (p=0.000). Most medication counseled was Insulin Aspart in both years, 121 (21.72\%) vs. 909 (31.92\%), insulin Glargine 104 (18.67\%) in 2021 vs. 555 (19.49\%) in 2022, and Enoxaparin in both years 40 (7.18\%) vs. 205 (7.20\%). Conclusion: The virtual pediatric medicine counseling clinic served many patients, emphasizing pediatric chronic diseases such as Diabetes and Asthma. Future studies are highly recommended to measure the clinical and economic outcomes and patient satisfaction.

}, keywords = {Clinic, Counseling, Medication, Pediatric, Saudi Arabia, Virtual}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.26}, author = {Nouf Musleh Alassadi and Asma Mohammed Alzahrani and Haifa Shabeeb Almutairi and Tahani Mohammed Alotaibi and Mona Yousef Lubbad and Nouf Abdurazaq Alhaza and Raghad Maluoh Alanazi and Yousef Ahmed Alomi} } @article {322, title = {Research Policy on Pharmacy Investigational Medication}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {11}, year = {2022}, month = {April 2022}, pages = {09-14}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {09}, abstract = {

Objectives: This study aims to demonstrate the Research Policy of Pharmacy Investigational Medication as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This article is a narrative review of pharmacy research. Litterateur researched specific research policies and procedures in pharmacy practice using a variety of databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The time period covered for the search is from the 1960s to October 2021. The terms used are in the English language and encompasses narrative reviews, systemic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines. The search term includes all hospital and community pharmacy-related services. Besides, there are national and international guidelines for conducting general research in hospital settings. The pharmacy research committee was formed and comprised numerous expert members, including clinical pharmacists, pharmacists specializing in drug information, and clinical research specialists. A member drafted the policy{\textquoteright}s guidelines, which were then reviewed and corrected by another member. The research specialist made the third revision. The subject emphasizes Pharmacy Research{\textquoteright}s policy on Investigational Medication. Results: The Pharmacy Research policy for Investigational Medication consisted of a number of components, including the administration of pharmacies, the procurement of investigational drugs, and the storage of investigational drugs. Additionally, the investigative drug prescription, the preparation of investigative drugs, the dispensing of investigative drugs, the administration of investigative drugs, and the monitoring of investigative drugs. There were a number of essential policy items, including the safety of investigational medications, the cost of investigational drugs, and the sponsors of investigational drug research. Conclusion: The Pharmacy Research policy for Investigational Medication is a new initiative as part of pharmacy practice research and development. Investigational Medication Pharmacy Research policy helps healthcare organizations improve patient safety and prevent drug-related morbidity and mortality. It is a component of Saudi Arabia{\textquoteright}s pharmacy strategic plan for Vision 2030 and pharmacy reimbursement initiatives.

}, keywords = {Drug, Investigational, Medication, Pharmacy, Policy, Research, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2022.11.3}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Amal Hassan Al-Najjar and Hamidah Qasim Ali Abushomi and Maha Hussein Almadany and Abeer Hussin Almasoudi} } @article {287, title = {Dentist{\textquoteright}s Perception of Medication Safety in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {10}, year = {2021}, month = {March 2021}, pages = {41-46}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {41}, abstract = {

Objectives: The study aims to discover the dentist{\textquoteright}s perceptions of medication safety in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is an analysis of a cross-sectional survey that reconnoitered the dentist{\textquoteright}s medication safety perceptions in Saudi Arabia. It selfreported an electronic survey of dentists, comprising dentists from internship to the consultant, dental specialties in Saudi Arabia. The survey contained respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about dentists and perception of medication safety in dental care. Also, the perception of barriers averts off employment of the medication safety system in dental care. The 5-point Likert response scale system was employed with closed-ended questions. The data analysis of the dentist{\textquoteright}s knowledge of medication safety is finished through the survey monkey system. The statistical package of social sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft excel sheet version 16 were used in the study. Results: The total number of responding dentists was 242, with the majority of them coming from the central region 95 (39.26\%) with statistically momentous among the areas (p\<0.05). Of those, 144 (59.75\%) were male, while 97 (40.25\%) were female, with statistically significant between them (p\<0.05). The average scores of dentist{\textquoteright}s perceptions of medication safety in dental care were 3.99; the dentist{\textquoteright}s high scores component was relaxed to ask for assistance support from colleagues or peers concerning medication safety (4.27). Medications storage with labeling is a vital element of medication safety in dental care (4.26). The average scores of perception of barriers prevent you from instigating medication safety in dental care (3.52). The high scores element was level of clinical knowledge about dental medications safety services (3.98) and lack of periodic training of dental staff dental medications safety services (3.94). The reliability test includes Cronbach alpha (0.933) and McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω (0.920). Conclusion: The dentist{\textquoteright}s perceptions of medication safety were flawless in Saudi Arabia. Periodic education and training medication safety in dental care is obligatory to improve the dental medication safety system and patient outcomes in dental care in Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Dentist, Medication, Perception, Safety, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2021.10.7}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Fouzia Abdul Karim Bukhary and Rahmah Abdulilah Alsinan} } @article {288, title = {Dentist{\textquoteright}s Practice of Medication Safety in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {10}, year = {2021}, month = {March 2021}, pages = {34-40}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {34}, abstract = {

Objectives: The study aimed to exemplify the dentist{\textquoteright}s practice of medication safety in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It examines a cross-sectional survey that deliberated the dentist{\textquoteright}s medication safety practice in Saudi Arabia. It self-reported an electronic survey of dentists, including dentists from internship to consultant, dental specialties in Saudi Arabia. The survey entailed respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about dentists and the implemented medication safety in dental care, the medication{\textquoteright}s safety items stated in dental care, and dental medications implemented the medication{\textquoteright}s safety. The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closedended questions. The data analysis of the dentist{\textquoteright}s knowledge of medication safety is completed through the survey monkey system. The statistical package of social sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft excel sheet version 16 were employed in the study. Results: The total number of responding dentists was 242, with the mainstream of them coming from the central region 95 (39.26\%) with statistically noteworthy among the areas (p\<0.05). Of those, 144 (59.75\%) were male, while 97 (40.25\%) were female, with statistically significant between them (p\<0.05). The average scores of the executed items for medication safety in dental care were 3.12 with high scores element was adverse drug reactions documentation system (3.26), and the vision of medication safety in dental care was 3.23. The average scores of frequently of the medications safety items reported in dental care was 3.17 with high scores element was pregnancy and lactation altering system (3.88) and patient{\textquoteright}s education of dental medications (3.60). The highest scores of medication Safety (to authorities) the responsibility of types of healthcare professionals was a pharmacist (4.34) and dentist (4.23). The reliability test includes McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω (0.980) and Cronbach alpha (0.979). Conclusion: The dentist{\textquoteright}s practice of medication safety was inadequate in Saudi Arabia. Implementation of medication safety in dental care is obligatory to prevent dental mistakes and drug-related problems. Also, the study aimed to improve the patient safety culture among dental practices in Saudi Arabia.

}, keywords = {Care, Dentist, Medication, Practice, Safety, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2021.10.6}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Fouzia Abdul Karim Bukhary and Rahmah Abdulilah Alsinan} } @article {221, title = {National Medication Utilization Evaluation Program in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {8}, year = {2019}, month = {September 2019}, pages = {156-157}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {156}, abstract = {

The national Medication Utilization Evaluation Program at the Ministry of health in Saudi Arabia with complimentary of physician order techniques is new system founded in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The programming part of pharmacy strategic planning and national pharmacy practice at health care services at the Ministry of health. The Medication Utilization Evaluation program started with evidence-based medicine guidelines. The new project of Medication Utilization Evaluation physician order was one the outcome of the program. The program steps development through central committee by Pharmacy department at the most prominent hospital crossover regions in Saudi Arabia. The project is complementary of pharmaceutical concept and alerting system of misuse of medications and subsequences medication-related problems and avoids the unnecessary economic burden on the healthcare system. The new national Medication Utilization Evaluation project is new in Saudi Arabia, Gulf, and Middle East counties.

}, keywords = {Evaluation, Medication, Ministry of Health, Ministry of health in Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia, Utilization}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2019.8.25}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Abeer Hussin Almasoudi} } @article {39, title = {National Survey of the Pharmacokinetics Services at the Ministry of Health Hospitals in Saudi Arabia: Prescribing and Dispensing Medication}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {8}, year = {2019}, month = {January 2019}, pages = {11-16}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {11}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the pharmacokinetics services at the Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals in Saudi Arabia with an emphasis on prescribing and dispensing medication. Methods: This is a 2-month crosssectional national survey of pharmacokinetics services. The study consisted of two parts: the first part captures demographic information and the second part is a questionnaire with 43 questions divided into three domains. The questions are derived from the guidelines of the American Society of Health- System Pharmacists (ASHP) and from the literature. We used the 5-point Likert response scale system to obtain responses of the participants; there were close-ended questions. The electronic questionnaire was distributed to all the coordinators of the clinical pharmacy services or to the drug information centers at MOH hospitals, The data were collected through the Survey Monkey system. Results: A total of 43 hospital pharmacies responded to the survey; the response rate was found to be 86\%. The pharmacists and nurses had privileges of prescribing medication as per pharmacokinetics services in nearly 18 (46.15\%) and 16 (41.03\%) hospitals respectively. At 14 (37.84\%) hospitals, pharmacists have the privilege to request an estimation of patient{\textquoteright}s drug levels and at 12 (30.77\%) hospitals, they have the privilege to change drug sampling time. At 15 (38.46\%) hospitals, nurses have the privilege to request an estimation of patient{\textquoteright}s drug level and at 12 (31.58\%) hospitals, they have the privilege to change drug sampling time. The commonly prescribed medications via pharmacokinetics consultation were gentamicin (23 (71.88\%)), phenytoin (23 (71.88\%)), carbamazepine (22 (70.97\%)), sodium valproate (22 (70.97\%)) and warfarin (22 (70.97\%)). The pharmacokinetics altering system during an electronic prescription was found in 9 (26.5\%) hospital pharmacies and the pharmacist was found to participate in pharmacokinetics research in 8 (23.5\%) hospitals. Conclusion: Healthcare providers including the pharmacists and nurses have a significant role in providing pharmacokinetics services to the patients. Expanding these services with standard guidelines and the electronic prescription is required in order to prevent drug- Pharmacokinetics related problems, improve the clinical outcome of the patient and reduce the economic burden.

}, keywords = {Dispensing, Medication, Ministry of Health, Pharmacokinetics, Prescribing, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2019.8.3}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Rasha Abdelsalam Elshenawy} }