@article {314, title = {Clinical Outcome of Herbal Medicine-related Problems for Respiratory Viral Infections}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {10}, year = {2021}, month = {December 2021}, pages = {138-143}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {138}, abstract = {

Background: The use of herbal medicine to treat dissimilar respiratory conditions has been assumed for many decades. This survey analysis explores the clinical outcomes of herbal medicine-related problems for respiratory viral infections in Saudi Arabia. Design and Setting: A self-administered, structured questionnaire was sent to the public online, counting questions on the responders{\textquoteright} demographics and questions gaging different clinical outcomes of herbal medicine-related problems when treating respiratory viral infections in Saudi Arabia. Data analysis was performed through SPSS program version 26. Results: 486 participants responded to this questionnaire. 89.92\% of the responders were from the west area in Saudi Arabia, 56.49\% were in the age group between 18 and 30 years old. 18.32\% were healthcare practitioners, while 53.85\% of these practitioners were physicians. 18.74\% of the responders applied herbal medications three times daily for respiratory viral infections. Only 4.31\% of the responders established having side effects during the past year from herbal medications, while 3.58\% visited a pharmacy for these side effects. Their healthcare professionals asked 20.04\% about the use of herbal medications. Factors increasing the occurrence of adverse events were: that residents of the western region (p value=0.002), age group between 18 and 30 (p-value=0.046), females (p-value\<0.001), low monthly income (p-value=0.013) and non-healthcare professionals (p-value=0.001). Conclusion: Although the occurrence of herbal medication-related problems is not common in Saudi Arabia, it can need medical assistance. Awareness of the public of the herbal medications adverse events is decisive.

}, keywords = {Clinical, Herbal medicine, Outcome, Problems, Viral Infections Saudi Arabia.}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2021.10.19}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Ghadeer Alhazmi and Murouj Almaghrabi and Ghaida Alzahrani and Mohammad Almatrafi} } @article {182, title = {Management and Treatment Outcome of Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {2}, year = {2013}, month = {December 2013}, pages = {113-120}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {113}, abstract = {

Background: Chronic diseases are emerging as one of the leading cause of death nowadays. Among them, the prev-alence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing because of the increased incidence of diabetes and hypertension which are the main cause of CKD. The rate of progression of CKD to end stage renal disease (ESRD) can be reduced by the early detection and management of risk factors and complications associated with it. The present study aims to study the complications, treatment pattern and associated outcome in hospitalized CKD patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from October 2012 to March 2013 in the nephrology unit of Kasturba hospital, Manipal. Adult patients (\> 18 years old) who were diagnosed with CKD were included. Patient demographics, clinical, pharmacological management and laboratory data were collected in a spe-cially designed form for this study purpose. Demography of the patients, complications and medications used for the management etc. were documented and evaluated using SPSS version 16.0. Results: 312 CKD patients were included in the study.. Maximum number of patients was in the age group of 46-60 years and study showed male predominance (77.6\%). Anemia was the most observed complication in the study popu-lation ( 81.7 \%). Monotherapy or combinations of drugs like nebulisation albuterol, insulin with glucose and sodium polystyrene sulfonate was used for the management of hyperkalemia. Anemia is managed by oral and parenteral iron products, erythropoietin and by blood transfusions. Average length of hospital stay was found to be 7.34 {\textpm} 4.89 days. Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance rate, serum urea, serum sodium and serum potassium had improved signifi-cantly (p \< 0.001) from the base line. Total serum calcium was also improved after treatment. Conclusion: Present study highlights the complications, treatment pattern and outcomes in CKD patients from a tertiary care hospital in South India which may help in targeting the major causes of CKD and treatment pattern for the renal failure population. Early identification of patients who are at risk and strategies to decrease the rate of progres-sion of CKD will help to reduce the prevalence and mortality associated with CKD in future.

}, keywords = {Chronic Kidney Disease, Complications, Mortality, Outcome, Treatment pattern}, author = {Sumy George and Leelavathi D Acharya and Ravindra Prabhu A and Surulivelrajan Mallayasamy} }