@article {71, title = {A Questionnaire Based Study Regarding the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication Among Second Year Undergraduate Medical Students}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {6}, year = {2017}, month = {October 2017}, pages = {1-5}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1}, abstract = {

Background: Self-medication is becoming very common in our routine life which is an unhealthy and risky practice.Present study was done to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication among second year undergraduate medical students of a private medical college in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Material and methods: A pre-validated questionnaire was prepared and distributed among the students.Data was collected and analysed using Microsoft Excel and the results expressed as counts and percentages. Results: Total 139 students participated in the study voluntarily and most common reason for taking Self-medication was that there was no need to visit the doctor for minor illness. In maximum students, source of information of the drugs used for Self-medication was previous prescription and source of the drugs was medical store. Only 39\% MBBS students accepted the fact, that they always visited a qualified practitioner whenever they fell ill. Most of the students took Self-medication for headache followed by cough, cold and fever. Out of total 139 students, most of the students took NSAIDS as Self-medication followed by lozenges. Conclusion: This study showed that students of second year MBBS after studying pharmacology became more aware about the drugs and hence do not hesitate in taking Self-medication which is a wrong practice.

}, keywords = {Attitude, Knowledge, Practice, Questionnaire, Second Year MBBS, Self-medication}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.6.1.1}, author = {Rajanish Kumar Sankdia and Mehul Agrawal and Parabathina Bindu Rekha and Nitin Kothari} } @article {187, title = {Knowledge and Awareness of Food and Drug Interactions (FDI): a Survey Among Health Care Professionals}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {1}, year = {2012}, month = {Dec 2012}, pages = {105}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {97}, abstract = {

Background:\ Most of the food and drug interactions (FDI) remain unnoticed and under reported due to either lack of proper history, follow up or unawareness. Certain foods and specific nutrients in foods, may affect the overall bioa-vailability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and therapeutic efficacy of medications. FDI occur due to extension of drug action or due to interaction between the drug and herbal medicines as well as dietary supplements and food products.\ Objectives:\ To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and awareness regarding the common FDI among the doctors in their day to day practice.\ Materials and Methods:\ Survey included randomly selected 200 doctors divided into 3 groups [65 Professors, 83 Post Graduates (PGs) and 52 Interns] from JSS Tertiary care hospital, Mysore, India. Assessment was through FDI Questionnaire which consisted of 32 questions (included dichotomous, multiple choice and open ended ques-tions). The differences between groups were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni{\textquoteright}s post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at p \< 0.05.\ Results:\ The mean scores (mean {\textpm} SD) on the overall test were 26 {\textpm} 4.08, 22.89 {\textpm} 3.72, 21.35 {\textpm} 4.2 for professors, PGs and interns respectively, with 31 being a perfect score. Professors had good knowledge about FDI compared to others (p \< 0.001). Only 33\% participants have noticed FDI during their practice. A majority of doctors had heard, felt necessary to report and update their knowledge about FDI along with adequate patient counseling.\ Conclusion:\ The study showed professors had better expertise compared to others. Intensive FDI training and integration of knowledge among healthcare professionals, especially in the younger health care professionals, is a requisite.

}, keywords = {Adverse drug reactions, Drug interactions, Food and Drug Interactions, Questionnaire}, author = {Jyoti M. Benni and Jayanthi MK and Basavaraj R and Tubaki and Renuka M} } @article {150, title = {Teaching P-drug Selection: Experiences from a Medical School in India}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {1}, year = {2012}, month = {April 2012}, pages = {9-14}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {9}, abstract = {

Background: Incorporation of Personal drug (P-drug) selection exercise into medical undergraduate curriculum was recommended to reduce irrational prescribing during future practice. At Melaka Manipal Medical College (MMMC), India, P-drug selection exercise was included in pharmacology curriculum in 2010 for 2nd year MBBS students. Objective: The study was conducted to develop a module to teach P-drug selection and to investigate students{\textquoteright} perceptions regarding P-drug selection teaching and assessment. Materials and method: Module was developed to teach P-drug selection for an acute attack of angina and dry cough based on a manual called as {\textquoteleft}Guide to Good Prescribing{\textquoteright} developed by the WHO Action Program on Essential Drugs. Power point slides, handouts with drug costs and current guidelines were used during teaching learning activities. Later students were assessed on P-drug selection by asking them to derive a P-drug for an acute attack of angina. Students{\textquoteright} answers were assessed using a checklist. Later students{\textquoteright} perceptions regarding P-drug selection teaching and assessment were collected using a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16. Students{\textquoteright} responses were expressed as median and inter quartile range. Responses to open ended questions were tabulated in the decreasing order of frequency of appearance. \% of students who scored >=4 (= pass) marks was noted. Result: 90\% (95/106) of students responded in the questionnaire. Most of the items in the questionnaire related to teaching and assessment had a median score of >=3. 94.3\% of students had scored >=4 in P-drug selection exercise. 84\% of students felt that P-drug selection teaching helped them to understand pharmacology better. They wanted more such exercises and more explanation to understand P-drug concept better. Conclusion: Study led to development of P-drug selection teaching module acceptable to students. Furthermore it also provided scope for the refinement of newly developed module based on students{\textquoteright} perceptions.

}, keywords = {Medical, P-drug, Perceptions, Pharmacology, Questionnaire, Student, Teaching, Undergraduate}, author = {Vasudha Devi} }