International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences, 2015, 4, 3, 48-51.
DOI: 10.5530/ijpcs.4.3.3
Published: Sept 2015
Type: Original Article
Authors: Shenoy Smita, Patil Navin, Ganeriwala Aditya, Chetty Shashikanth, Avinash Arivazhahan, Sushil Kiran Kunder, Shah Hitesh, and Jha Anusha
Author(s) affiliations:
Shenoy Smita,1 Patil Navin,2 Ganeriwala Aditya,3 Chetty Shashikanth,4 Avinash Arivazhahan,5 Sushil Kiran Kunder,5 Shah Hitesh,6 Jha Anusha7
1Additional Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.
3Intern, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.
4Abbott, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.
5Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.
6Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.
7Undergraduate, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, INDIA.
Abstract
Background: Fractures are a common presentation in the emergency department. Patient-related factors and the site of the fracture play an important role in planning the management of fracture pain. This study was done to assess drugs prescribed during the conservative management of closed isolated upper limb fractures. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. The case records of patients who visited the tertiary care hospital with closed isolated fractures of the upper limb following trauma and were managed conservatively were analyzed. The results were expressed as a percentage. Results: Out of the 100 patients, 79 were adults and 21 were children. Pain scores were recorded in 83% of the patients. All patients received analgesics. The commonly prescribed oral analgesic in children and adults were ibuprofen (85.71%) and aceclofenac (60.75%), respectively. The commonly used opioid was tramadol, orally as well as parenterally, in both adults and children. Analgesic combinations accounted for 62.8% of the total analgesics prescribed. Propofol-fentanyl was commonly used during fracture reduction. Conclusion: Initial assessment of pain contributes to the adequate management of acute pain. The use of analgesics and early reduction significantly reduces pain and improves outcomes.
Keywords: Analgesics, Fractures, Opioids, Pain, Sedation