@article {358, title = {Advance knowledge of Physician about Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {September 2023}, pages = {67-76}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {67}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the physician{\textquoteright}s advanced knowledge about Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey that discussed the physician{\textquoteright}s basic knowledge of some items for Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) in Saudi Arabian. The survey consisted of respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about Physician knowledge of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) calculations. Besides, the physician{\textquoteright}s understanding of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) adjusts based on diseases, Physician knowledge of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) components for various populations. The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ2, and Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ6 were done with the study. Furthermore, the data analysis of the Pharmacist practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) medications is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 409 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Of them, almost onehalf responded from the Northern region (186 (45.48\%)), and one Quarter responded from the central area (106 (25.92\%)), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Females responded more than males (268 (65.53\%)) versus 141 (34.47\%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.001). Most of the responders were in the age group of 36-45 years (198 (48.41\%)) and 46-55 years (109 (26.65\%)), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Almost one-half of responders, 176 (43.03\%), worked at an organization that had Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) services, with only 86 (21.03\%) had been ever requested any Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) with statistically significant differences between all answers (p=0.000). The average score of knowledge calculation of Total Parenteral Nutrition services components was (3.41). The element {\textquotedblleft}Total daily requirement of the protein{\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (3.81). The aspect {\textquotedblleft}Total daily requirement of the electrolytes{\textquotedblright} was (3.77). The average score of knowledge the Total Parental Nutrition services (TPNs) adjust with various diseases was (3.70). The element {\textquotedblleft}Hepatic Failure{\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (4.30). The aspect {\textquotedblleft}Renal failure{\textquotedblright} was (4.22). Conclusion: The advanced knowledge of physicians about parenteral nutrition calculations or adjusting parenteral nutrition based on the current disease was inadequate. Therefore, targeting undergraduates and postgraduate education and training is highly in the medical care.

}, keywords = {Advance, Knowledge, Physicians, Saudi Arabia., Total Parenteral Nutrition}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.9}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Riyadh M Alashban and Anwar Ghudair Alanazi and Abdulmajeed Ali Alshehri} } @article {368, title = {Advanced Practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition by Physicians in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {140-149}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {140}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the physician{\textquoteright}s advanced practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey that discussed advanced physician practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) in Saudi Arabia. The survey consisted of respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about physicians and Advanced Practice Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) by Physicians, the types of prescribing, preparations, and administrations of the Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) system, The responsibility of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs). The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ2, and Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ6 were done with the study. In addition, the data analysis of the Pharmacist practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) medications is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 409 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Of them, almost one-half responded from the Northern region (186 (45.48\%)), and one Quarter responded from the central area (106 (25.92\%)), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Females responded more than males (268 (65.53\%)) versus 141 (34.47\%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.001). Most of the responders were in the age group of 36-45 years (198 (48.41\%)) and 46-55 years (109 (26.65\%)), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Almost one-half of responders, 176 (43.03\%), worked at an organization that had Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) services, with only 86 (21.03\%) had been ever requested any Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) with statistically significant differences between all answers (p=0.000). The average score of items for advanced practicing Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) was (3.48). The {\textquotedblleft}Patient safety system for TPN{\textquotedblright} item scored the highest (3.74). Followed by The element {\textquotedblleft}Pediatrics TPN forms{\textquotedblright} (3.73) and The element {\textquotedblleft}Clean room for TPN preparation{\textquotedblright} (3.73). Most physicians had Customized Total Parenteral nutrition for geriatrics 228 (55.75\%) and Pediatric 225 (55.01\%). In using Standardized Total Parenteral nutrition, most physicians used for geriatrics, 283 (69.19\%) and 189 (46.21\%), do not know how to use it. In Pre-mixed Total Parenteral nutrition, most physicians used geriatrics 211 (51.59\%) and adolescents 209 (51.10\%). Conclusion: The advanced practice of parenteral nutrition by physicians was adequate. One-half of physicians practice the New model of parenteral nutrition. The physician had negative perceptions of the parenteral nutrition responsibilities of the pharmacist. The advanced practice of TPN should be considered for further evaluation and accountability in medical care.

}, keywords = {Nutrition, Parenteral, Physicians, Practice, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.18}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Fatma Al Raisi and Riyadh M Alashban and Ban Abdullah Aldosary and Abdulmajeed Ali Alshehri} } @article {353, title = {Basic Knowledge of Physician about Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {September 2023}, pages = {29-35}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {29}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the physician{\textquoteright}s basic knowledge about Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey that discussed the physician{\textquoteright}s basic knowledge of some items for Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) in Saudi Arabia. The survey consisted of respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about the Assessment of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) knowledge of physicians, The resources of Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) used by physicians. The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closedended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ2, and Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ6 been done with the study. Furthermore, the physician{\guilsinglright}s basic knowledge about Total Parenteral Nutrition is analyzed through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 409 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Of them, almost one-half responded from the Northern region (186 (45.48\%)), and one Quarter responded from the central area (106 (25.92\%)), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Females responded more than males (268 (65.53\%)) versus 141 (34.47\%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.001). Most of the responders were in the age group of 36-45 years (198 (48.41\%)) and 46-55 years (109 (26.65\%)), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Almost one-half of responders, 176 (43.03\%), worked at an organization that had Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) services, with only 86 (21.03\%) had been ever requested any Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) with statistically significant differences between all answers (p=0.000). The average score of basic knowledge of physicians about the Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) was (2.57). The element {\textquotedblleft}Have you ever heard about the concept of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs){\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (3.22). The aspect {\textquotedblleft}know the requirements of TPN through peripheral line administration{\textquotedblright} (2.89). The element {\textquotedblleft}know the interaction of the drug with total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs){\textquotedblright} was (2.76). The most resources for Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) were the Saud Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) website 178 (43.63\%), Peer discussions 113 (27.70\%), and Medical association literature/guidelines/recommendations 112 (27.45\%). Conclusion: The basic knowledge of physicians about total parenteral nutrition is inadequate. Therefore, targeting education nutrition support for physicians is highly recommended, and the privilege of prescribing TPN should be reviewed.

}, keywords = {Basic, Knowledge, Physicians, Saudi Arabia., Total Parenteral Nutrition}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.5}, author = {Jawza F. Alsabhan and Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Anwar Tashan Zaid Alanazi and Rashed Abdullah Nasser Almutairi and Abdulmajeed Ali Alshehri} } @article {355, title = {The Basic Practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition by Physicians in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, month = {September 2023}, pages = {49-55}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {49}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the essential practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) by the physician in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional survey highlighting the essential practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) by a Saudi Arabian physician. The survey consisted of respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about the essential practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) by the physician at the institution, including the availabilities of Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) at the institution, physician prescribing TPN, the number of patients who need TPN, and the number of TPN orders. The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ2, and Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ6 were done with the study. Furthermore, the physician{\textquoteright}s data analysis of the essential practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 409 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Of them, almost onehalf responded from the Northern region (n=186 (45.48\%), and around one-Quarter of the responded physician were from the central area (n=106) (25.92\%), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Females responded more than males (n=268) (65.53\%) versus (n=141) (34.47\%), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.001). Most of the responders were in the age group of 36-45 years (n=198) (48.41\%) and 46-55 years (n=109) (26.65\%), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Almost onehalf of responders (n=176) (43.03\%) worked at an organization that had parenteral nutrition services (TPNs) services. However, less than a quarter had been ever requested any parenteral nutrition services (TPNs) (n=86) (21.03\%), with statistically significant differences between all answers (p=0.000). Most physicians do not ever request any parenteral nutrition services (TPNs) (n=179) (43.77\%), or they do not have any answer (n=144) (35.21\%). The estimated total number of TPN prescriptions was (21,344.50) daily, with an average of (16.25) TPN orders per responder working in hospital practice. Those prescriptions were needed; the total number of patients was (5,757); with an average of (60.3) patients per responder. The highest range number of patients was (n=108) (26.41\%) in a range (81-100) patients and 103 (25.18\%) in a field (1-20) patients daily. The average score of essential practice items for Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) at the institution was (3.31). The element {\textquotedblleft}Mission of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) system{\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (3.61). The element {\textquotedblleft}Nutrition Support Team services were (3.56). Conclusion: Physicians{\textquoteright} essential practice of parenteral nutrition was inadequate despite the high number of patients and the number of TPN orders. Lack of parenteral nutrition education was the primary concern in the physician{\textquoteright}s parenteral nutrition practice in medical care.

}, keywords = {Basic, Physicians, Practice, Saudi Arabia., Total Parenteral Nutrition}, doi = {10.5530/ijpcs.2023.12.7}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Jawza F. Alsabhan and Amal Abdulllah Alnasser and Ayman Uthman Alhussini and Abdulmajeed Ali Alshehri} }